Emerging Contaminants Such as Perfluorinated Compounds: Toxicity and Oxidative Stress

Levels and trends of the emerging contaminants HBCDs (hexabromocyclododecanes) and PFCs (perfluorinated compounds) in marine shellfish along French coasts.

The levels and congener patterns of HBCDs (hexabromocyclododecanes) and PFCs (perfluorinated compounds) were determined in filter-feeding molluscs collected in 2008 and 2010 along the coasts of mainland France. α-HBCD and PFOS (perfluorooctane sulfonate) were detected in all samples, revealing widespread contamination of the coastal environment by these emerging contaminants. The spatial distri...

Perfluorinated Organic Compounds and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers Compounds – Levels and Toxicity in Aquatic Environments: A Review

Metals, toxicity and oxidative stress.

Metal-induced toxicity and carcinogenicity, with an emphasis on the generation and role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, is reviewed. Metal-mediated formation of free radicals causes various modifications to DNA bases, enhanced lipid peroxidation, and altered calcium and sulfhydryl homeostasis. Lipid peroxides, formed by the attack of radicals on polyunsaturated fatty acid residues of p...

Oxidative Stress and Metal Ion Toxicity

15 16 The thiol-containing tripeptide glutathione is an important cellular constituent of many 17 eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. In addition to its disulfide reductase activity, 18 glutathione is known to protect cells from many forms of physiological stress. This 19 report represents the first investigation into the role of glutathione in the Gram-positive 20 pathogen, Streptococcus pneumon...

Drug-Induced Oxidative Stress and Toxicity

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a byproduct of normal metabolism and have roles in cell signaling and homeostasis. Species include oxygen radicals and reactive nonradicals. Mechanisms exist that regulate cellular levels of ROS, as their reactive nature may otherwise cause damage to key cellular components including DNA, protein, and lipid. When the cellular antioxidant capacity is exceeded, o...